Examining the intersection of national health policy and the delivery of emergency healthcare services in the Gambia

Abstract

This study examined the intersection of National Health Policy and the delivery of emergency healthcare services in The Gambia (EHCS). It evaluated the influence of The Gambia National Health Policies (2015 and 2020) on EHCS, probed the relationship between the NHP and EHCS, and identified challenges in emergency healthcare provision. A survey research design was adopted, gathering data through questionnaires. Out of a population of 1,955, (321) were chosen as the sample size based on Krejcie and Morgan's (1970) formula. Stage sampling was adopted, and proportionate to size determined respondents in each stratum while questionnaires were randomly distributed. On the challenges, findings revealed a predominantly negative perception of equipment adequacy (mean score: 2.6) and a discernible concern regarding the number of trained professionals (mean score: 2.2). Patient satisfaction was ambivalent (mean score: 2.4), while service quality improvement post-policy implementation received mixed reviews (mean score: 2.9). Hypothesis one revealed that Policy Framework and Objectives significantly improve EHCS (β = 0.832, p < 0.001), with Resource Allocation also having a positive impact (β = 0.093, p = 0.003). However, Policy Implementation and Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanisms were not significant. Hypothesis two showed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.858, p = 0.000) between NHP and EHCS. Recommendations include improving equipment adequacy, increasing training for healthcare professionals, and developing patient-centered approaches. The study concludes that National Health Policies impact emergency healthcare services in The Gambia.